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Blini: The Peculiarities of Russian National Pancakes

By February 20, 2014January 7th, 2023Cuisine, Eastern European

Maslenitsa is here!

Shrovetide, Maslenitsa, blini, russian pancakes

Photo Credit: Jennifer Eremeeva

Russia’s riotous Mardi Gras: a week of partying, pancakes and punch-ups celebrates the end of winter, the beginning of Lent, and the promise of spring.

Half-heartedly absorbed into the Russian Orthodox Calendar, Maslenitsa is really a tenacious rite of spring belonging to a much older, more pagan culture of nature worship,agrarian traditions, and a heightened awareness of the change of seasons.  Maslenitsa was originally pegged to the vernal equinox, that moment in early spring when the sun passes directly over the equator, making day and night equal length.   Of the four points of the calendar (the solstices and the equinoxes), the vernal equinox was most revered by ancient societies, because it heralded the return of the sun and life after the darkness and death of winter.  Many ancient monuments such as the Temple of Solomon in Jerusalem were oriented such that the rays of the vernal equinox sunrise would fall directly above the High Alter.

Pagan Slavs interpreted natural phenomena in their religious worship with stories of human love and betrayal, sex and separation, and life and death.  In a popular myth reminiscent of Egyptian Isis and Osiris, Russia’s Yarilo and Morana are brother and sister lovers who represent life and death, fire and ice, and spring and winter.  Their courtship reaches a fever pitch during the summer solstice, only to spiral into betrayal in autumn, and separation and death in the winter.  Spurred Morana turns into a fearsome hag, spreading death and frost in her wake. Crops wither to dried straw as Yarilo retreats to the underworld. As spring returns, the faithful burned a straw effigy of Morana on top of the snow to call forth Yarilo back from the Underworld.   As the flames of the straw Morana crackled, pagan Slavs celebrated the return of spring by dancing, wrestling, and feasting on life-affirming pancakes, symbolic of the sun and eternal life.

Christians, ever-efficient recyclers of other people’s holidays, have nevertheless found Maslenitsa an awkward fit in the liturgical lead into Easter.  In agrarian Russia, Lent served as a handy spiritual excuse for a Spartan diet as it excludes meat, cheese, oil, eggs, alcohol, and butter, all of which do a lot to spice up plain buckwheat kasha.  The forty days of Lent coincide with the period when the staples of winter stores had dwindled down to a bare minimum in Russia.  Nowadays, of course, you can get mangos and quail in aspic at any supermarket year round, but many Russians proudly go through “The Great Fast,” as a way of clawing onto some moral high ground and dropping twenty pounds in less than two months: both goals easy to achieve if you are subsisting on buckwheat porridge and cabbage soup. Maslenitsa contains the word “maslo” meaning butter, although some scholars argue that it is a more ancient version of “mysia pust’” meaning “empty of meat.”  Whatever the explanation, it is a time to gorge on butter, cheese, and cream, and is to Russia what Shrovetide is to the Anglo-Saxons and Carnival and Mardi Gras are to the Spanish and French: a public celebration of the return of light and warmth and the last gasp of fun and fat – and pancakes of course– to be had before the onset of Lent.

The blini recipe which follows is from Anya von Bremzen’s invaluable cookbook, Please to the Table: The Russian Cookbook.  If you could only have one Russian cookbook (and thank god that’s not a rule) you can make a strong argument for it being this one:  von Bremzen divides her subject into regional groups and isn’t afraid to include emigre riffs, which often gets a Russian food writer in trouble!

I also highly recommend her latest work, Mastering the Art of Soviet Cooking: A Memoir of Food and Longing.  Much more than merely a memoir or a recipe book, this book is a fascinating journey through not-do-distant Russian history. von Bremzen’s style is elegant and engaging! ‘

Russian Blini

Ingredients

  • 4 large eggs (separated)
  • 25 ml (5 tsp) sugar
  • 1-1/4 liters (4-1/2 cups) whole milk
  • 5 ml (1 tsp) salt
  • 25 ml (2 packages or 5 tsp) active dry yeast
  • 709 ml (3 cups) all-purpose flour
  • 45 ml (3 Tbl) unsalted butter (melted)
  • vegetable oil
  • 1 raw potato (halved)

Directions

  1. Heat 3 cups of the milk in a saucepan until it is about to simmer. Remove from heat and pour into a non-reactive bowl and let cool to lukewarm (105 F/ 40 C).
  2. When the milk has reached the desired temperature, add 1 tsp of the sugar and all of the yeast to the bowl. Gently stir to combine, then let stand until foam begins to gather on the surface (up to 7 minutes).
  3. Whisk in half of the flour (1-1/2 cups or 360 ml) until the mixture is smooth. Cover with a clean cloth, and place in a warm place with no draughts. Let stand until the mixture doubles in bulk (up to 75 minutes).
  4. Melt the butter and let cool to room temperature. Whisk in butter, remaining flour, 2 Tbl (30 ml) of vegetable oil, and the remainder of the sugar (4 tsp or 20 ml). Set aside in the same warm place, covered, until the mixture doubles in bulk again (up to 50 minutes).
  5. Bring the remainder of the milk (1-1/4 cups or 280 ml) to a boil in a saucepan. Remove from the heat, and pour into the batter, whisking steadily as you do.
  6. Separate the eggs. Beat the egg yolks until they take on a thicker consistency (3 minutes) and stir into the batter.
  7. In a separate bowl, or in a standing mixer, beat the egg whites until they form soft peaks, then fold them into the batter.
  8. Cover the batter and place in the same warm space and let cover a final time for up to 50 minutes.
  9. Cover the batter and place in the same warm space and let cover a final time for up to 50 minutes.
  10. Prepare the blini pan: use a flat, non-stick skillet or special crepe or blini pan (on sale for most of February in Russian stores) and medium-high heat. Pour vegetable oil into a small bowl. Cut the potato in half, then insert a fork into the skin side. Dip the potato into the vegetable oil, then rub it over the surface of the heated blini pan.
  11. Ladle 1/4 cup or 60 ml of batter onto the prepared skillet. Cook until you see bubbles on the surface of the blini. Flip with a spatula and cook for another minute on the other side. Flip again for a 30-second finish. Work as quickly as you can pouring the batter so that the surface of the blini is one smooth color.
  12. Keep the blini warm in a 300 F (150 C) oven loosely tented with aluminum foil, or store for up to 2 days in the fridge and reheat in the microwave or oven.

Note

Recipe credit: Please to The Table by Anya von Bremzen

This recipe is time consuming because of the three rises.  Read the recipe carefully and measure out the ingredients before you begin to make it easier as you go!

Serve, and enjoy!


Readers,

What are your favorite ways to consume blini?  Do you like them just plain, or do you feel they only really come in to their own as a vehicle for caviar?  Let us know by clicking the comment button below!

This piece first appeared in La Russie D’Aujourd’hui and Le Figaro on February 16, 2011 in French under the title: “Les blinis sans états d’âme,”

 

8 Comments

  • Ella says:

    Anya, who is my neighbor In NY in one of the Queens neighborhoods, will be happy to know that you put her book to great use! She travels a lot but when I see her one of these days I’ll be sure to tell her.
    A very interesting history of this feast and a wonderful recipe. Thanks

    • jennifer says:

      Ella, how nice to hear from you! I am so dazzled that you know Anya — please tell her that I worship and I have not one, but TWO copies of her book — one in each house and I often treat myself to and hour or so just leafing through it. My friend Beth, who also has an HRH is also a fan and we swap recipes, but none so beloved as the blini recipe! I do hope that you are well and enjoying the return of spring!
      Always such a treat to hear from you!
      Jennifer

  • Sarah says:

    This is such an interesting post. I know that some of the Christian Arabs in Israel observe Lent but there isn’t a Mardi Gras equivalent. On the other hand, in the Middlel East, winter is a time of life and not in the summer when everything dries up.

    • jennifer says:

      That’s an interesting observation, Sarah! I like the Lenten fast because it somehow subconsciously makes me think about grains and pulses and how to do more with vegetables. I don’t follow it religiously, but since it is all around me…I seem to do more!
      so nice to hear from you! I always enjoy a trawl through your site!

  • Lovely dish! I have shared my version to my followers and the responses have been positive. Keep sharing those wonderful dishes of yours!

  • Interesting thing about the book. I always wanted to have Anya von Bremzen’s book, and that would be helpful for me to create new ideas to my cooking. Thanks for sharing!

  • Katherine Dovlatov says:

    This recipe requires real commitment and true love of blini. They turned out wonderfully, but I am not likely to make them again any time soon. As much as caviar (I prefer red here) is the classic pairing, my favorite way to eat them is with jam and sour cream. Happy Maslenitsa!

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